Palm oil is edible oil extracted from the fruit of oil palm. Oil palm is one of the four major woody oil plants. The oil content of the pulp is as high as 56% to 70%. The fatty acid composition of the extracted palm oil is mainly palmitic acid and oil Acid, together with soybean oil and rapeseed oil, is known as the three major vegetable oils, with a history of more than 5,000 years of consumption. In recent years, the production and consumption of palm oil have continued to increase, which has driven many customers to plan to invest in the construction of palm oil processing plants.
If you want to build a factory to produce palm oil, you must have an in-depth understanding of oils and fats before you can determine the direction of development. After understanding the market positioning of palm oil, investors should fully understand the processing process of palm oil, so as to facilitate the equipment of the oil factory so as to produce edible oil that meets the market demand. There are not a few palm oil factories that BTMA machinery and equipment manufacturers serve. Here is a brief introduction for you that the transformation of palm fruit into palm oil needs to go through a series of mechanized procedures, including sterilization, threshing, crushing, pressing, fractionation, drying, packaging and other processes.
1. Sterilization
It is an important step in palm oil processing. The mature oil palm pulp and kernel are rich in lipase, which can degrade the fat in the fruit by itself, resulting in an increase in free fatty acids, an increase in the acid value of oil and a decrease in quality. Sterilization is a heat treatment process that softens, loosens, and falls off the fruit stalk, and at the same time reduces the activity of lipase to avoid the production of a large amount of free fatty acids, thereby ensuring the quality of the finished oil.
2. Threshing
The shedding palm fruit needs to be cleaned, screened, crushed and other pretreatment processes to fully destroy the internal structure of the oil plant, so as to achieve a state that is convenient for oil extraction, and then pressed or leached. The oil content of palm fruit is high, and the oil yield of mechanical pressing method is in the range of 75% to 90%. In this process, the oil factory can use the screw press to carry out continuous processing to obtain a good oil yield.
3. Digesting
For most oilseeds, in order to reduce the oil content in the oil cake during processing, the pressed cake will be leached. In the production of palm oil, the oil cake is usually seldom leached, because the palm fruit is squeezed to obtain palm kernels and fibers. There is very little residual oil in the cake, and there is no need to extract the pressed cake to increase the oil yield, and the palm kernel can be further processed to extract palm kernel oil, so the mechanical pressing method is basically enough to process palm oil.
4. Squeeze
The liquid obtained by pressing is a mixture of water, oil, dry matter, and fruit residues, and subsequent operations such as centrifugation and vacuum drying are required to separate other substances to obtain crude palm oil. Crude palm oil contains peptizing impurities such as phospholipids, proteins, and viscous substances, as well as free fatty acids, pigments, and other impurities. It needs to be processed by refining equipment to separate them to obtain healthy, nutritious and safe edible oil products.
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